Figure 7:    HIPAR Antenna (Fixed Site)

The fan antenna is physically reduced in height from the cosecant squared for better altitude coverage, however, the fan configuration is more susceptible to high altitude jamming. The auxiliary and the omni antennas are receive only type antennas for ECCM purposes. The support extension is not always utilized.  

Figure 8:    HIPAR Building And Equipment

1-FUIF room               

2-High voltage power supply     generator

3-High voltage pulse generator

4-RF harmonic filter                 

5-Pulse transformer                  

6-Waveguide section             

7-Klystron amplifier                       

8-Dummy load              

9-Moving target indicator group 

10-Waveguide switch

11-Duplexer assembly

12-Noise coupler and thermal noise

13-EFS receiver group

14-Liquid cooler

15-Refrigerant condenser

16-Control-oscillator group

17-Power control indicator

18-Induction voltage regulator

19-Step-up power transformer

The fixed HIPAR system utilizes a separate building to house all the HIPAR radar equipment except the antenna. Pushbutton selection of any one of the ten preset operating frequencies may be controlled from the power control indicator (item 7). Waveguide sections connect the high power RF energy to the antenna for radiation. The liquid cooler uses a glycol and water solution to cool the klystron amplifier. The 1FF receiver-transmitter is emplaced in the HIPAR building for those systems using this equipment.

Figure 9:   Mobile HIPAR

The mobile AJI HIPAR System (Fig ) is mounted on five semitrailers.

 A. The mobile antenna (AS-1774) either Fan or Cosecant Squared types, depending on tactical determination, also contains in mounted boxes, leveling and support equipment for terrain up to ten degrees. The main antenna also provides mounting for the Omni, MSLC and TPX-46 antennas.

 B. Power Control Set (AN MJQ-7) contains equipment to control and monitor primary power distribution and transmitter operation.

 C.RADAR Transmitting Set (AN MPT-2) mounted on a XM-674 semitrailer van, contains the klystron amplifier, high voltage pulse generator, antenna coupler and RF harmonic filter. The klystron is exchanged by organizational personnel, using a moveable built-in hoisting device, after elevating the roof. The roof can be removed and a wrecker or crane used to extract other heavy items. The IFF equipment is emplaced here for appropriate systems.

D. Electric Power Plant (AN. MJQ-5) contains two 225 KW diesel engine generators, a motor generator (60 to 400 converter), a power switchboard, and a 90KW resistive load bank. The converter provides 400Hz power to the RCDC.

 E. Radar Receiving Set (AN MPR-1) contains the MTI group, Control Oscillator Group, and the Receiving Group.

Figure 10:     LOPAR

LOPAR (Low Power Acquisition Radar)

(a)   Component identification

1. AJD (Anti-Jam Device) antenna - A modified Yagi type antenna, is omni -directional and receives only, thus is an ECCM device.

2. The main antenna - shown with its fiberglass cover, actually is two antennas.

a. Main antenna, containing primary and secondary cosecant bars for enabling beam shape change.

b. Pill-box antenna for azimuth coverage compensation.

3. Receiver-Transmitter (RT) “tub”, contains the magnetron and some components of the receiver. It is held to the top tub by three swing hinge latches.

4. Modulator tub, houses the “soft-tube” modulator and pulse shaping components. It receives high-voltage and pulses by cable from the Direc­tor Station.

5. The Acquisition Antenna Pedestal (Drive Tub) houses the drive motor and circuitry for rotating the antenna at one of its three speeds, coordina­ting the pointing and presentation directions, and units for dehumidifying and pressurization used for the waveguide plumbing.

Figure 11:    NIKE LOPAR Antenna Reflector System  

  The main reflective surface is made up of two sets of evenly spaced horizontal bars, placed so they form a parabolic cross section (primary and secondary). The curvature of the reflective surface may be changed by retracting or injecting the secondary reflector bars. Changing the curvature results in a beam shape change. Injected bars produce a fan shaped beam, and retracted produces a pencil shape beam. The reflective surface angle is also changed simultaneously when one switch is operated in the Director Station. The angle can vary from two to twenty two degrees.

Figure 12:   DIRECTOR STATION

1 - Computer group     

a - Amplifier Relay Groups Bays      

b - Servo Computer Assembly  

C - Computer Power Supply      

2 - Early Warning Plotting Board      

3 - Auxiliary Acquisition Control  

5 - Long Range Operation Position

6 - Battery Commander Position

7 - Short Range Operator Position

8 - Battery Control Console

9 - Recorder Group Interconnecting Group

From this position (Item 6) the Battery Commander supervises the employment of the air defense engagement. He selects the type of mission and the appropriate missile and determines the time of firing. He is able to communicate by cable or radio to other element positions in the system.

The Director Station houses the Controls for employing the LOPAR and or HIPAR as required.

Figure 13:    Battery Control Console (ATBM Version)

1.Horizontal plotting board - for range vs. azimuth of target and missile

2.Altitude plotting board - for altitude vs. time to intercept, target & missile

3.Auxiliary Fire Control Indicator  -  (battery signals panel)

4.LOPAR Control Indicator

5.Short Range PPI - monitor for short ranges for target acquisition

6.Short Range Target Designate Control - controls for Short Range PPI

7.Fire Control Indicator

8.HIPAR Control Indicator - enables selection of preset frequency and ECCM type

9.Long Range PPI - monitor for long range for target acquisition

10.Long Range Target Designate Control - control for Long Range PPI

Figure 14: The NIKE Computer

a.General: The NIKE computer, housed mainly in four cabinets in the Director Station, is a high speed analog type.

b.Component functional description:

1.Left Bay - contains five computer functions groupings. Each contains various DC amplifiers, summing networks and zero set devices for working with the servo units to determine the analog function. Check of each computer “function” in each group is accomplished by switch and meter at the top of the panel. Behind each panel (swinging frame) are located various relay panels to assist in computer timing events.

2.Right Bay - Identical to left bay except:

a.   Different computer functions are generated.

b.   Time-Share zero set device is utilized.

3.Servo Computer Cabinet - contains the actual ballistics computers that consist of oil filled precision variable resistors (Sine-cosine cards) that develop the required analog functions. Drive assemblies for the cards, and the control panel for conditioning the computer system as required. Also here are switches to enable static checking by means of built-in test networks. These computers (“Coffins”) are readily removable and repaired at the Ground Guidance Field Maintenance Test Equipment Shop No. 1 at the Direct Support element.

4.Computer Power Supply - Contains power supplies, timer and regulators for operation of the computer.

c.Auxiliary equipment is located on the BC Console. This consists of lights, switches and meters for computer conditioning, control and out­put media. It also includes the horizontal and altitude plotting boards, and meters and sequencing switches.

 Figure 15:   Tracking Radars Antenna

1.    Main Reflector (Dish)

2.    Subreflector

3.    Receiver - Transmitter “TUB”

4.    Air Vents to Blower

5.    Radome Blower Switch

6.    Antenna Pedestal

7.    Antenna Base

8.    Support Legs

9.    Azimuth Drive equipment enclosure Figure 15 Tracking Radars Antenna

All tracking radar antennas are extremely similar in outer configuration. Each one is environmentally protected by a pressurized, rubberized canvas radome. The reflector and receiver-transmitter “tub” are rotated in azimuth and elevation by appropriate drive equipment located in the antenna support or support base. Also at these locations respectively, are located the elevation and azimuth (DATA unit) position transmitters, which are functionally part of the computer.

A monopulse duplexer assembly (error sensor) is used to determine an­tenna directional error, for the TTR and MTR. Front and rear trailer assem­blies are used to road march the antennas, with the legs removed and emplaced on the trailers. The TTR is the base element emplaced at a site from which the other antennas are coordinated.

Figure 16:   NIKE Tracking Station

1. Target Ranging Radar Control

  2.Missile Radar Control Console

  3.Radar Set Group

  4.Elevation Operator`s Position

  5.Azimuth Operator’s Position

  6.Target Range Operator`s Position          

8.Radar Power Supply Group

9.Radar Coder Set

10.Tracking Supervisor`s Position

11.Missile Tracking Operator’s Position

The RF Test system, located approximately 600 feet from the tracking station, is used to collimate and provide a means to completely RF check the tracking radars. It consists of the following:

1 - 60 foot mast held perpendicular to the tracking radars level by steel cables and a boom arrangement.

2 - Radar Test Set - The test set has two track radar frequency band generators.

3 - RF Detector - used to check the TRR alignment.

4 - Cross Arms - for correcting boresight.

5 - Feedhorn - for radiating RF test set frequencies (various lengths of flexible and hard waveguide sections are used to connect the test set to the feedhorn).

The test set is usually a direct support DX item and can be checked on GG FMTE console 5 of shop 2.  

Figure 18:    Simulator Station AN/MPQ-T1